Backroom Selection Plan Makes Judges Unaccountable to the People

South Dakota Gun Owners E-mail Alert
PO Box 3845, Rapid City, SD  57709
(605) 737-5583
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(October 8, 2022) � Two State�s Attorneys have issued a statement revealing the truth about what Amendment A proponents call the �merit selection of judges,� but what is more accurately described as backroom selection.

 �Constitutional Amendment A will permanently take away the right of the people of South Dakota to elect Circuit Court Judges,� State�s Attorneys Lance Russell and John Fitzgerald said.  �It will eliminate the check on the judiciary...put in place to keep elitists from having unfettered discretion to dictate their will on the people.�  (Scroll down to read the entire statement.)

 Currently, circuit-court judges are elected by the people of South Dakota.  If Amendment A becomes law, state judges will be appointed by the governor from a pool of candidates chosen by a bureaucratic commission composed of five lawyers and two gubernatorial appointees. 

 Five of the seven commission members must also be members of the State Bar Association, and three of them are directly appointed by the Bar President.  In its structure and function, the Bar Association is strikingly similar to a special interest group, and is arguably one of the most powerful entities in South Dakota. 

Proponents are hailing Amendment A as the remedy for a �broken system.�  But the dangers of consolidating all judicial selection into the hands of a few unelected lawyers make their solution far worse than the supposed problem.  Under Amendment A, the governor may appoint only candidates selected by the commission, which is largely controlled by the Bar Association. 

Action:

The State Bar Association has raised more than $20,000 for the purpose of passing Amendment A.  The rumor is that they are planning a media blitz just before the election.

 Please consider writing a short letter to the editor.  You can use the facts given below, as well as the attached statement from State�s Attorneys Russell and Fitzgerald.  You may want to submit your letter to the Rapid City Journal and Sioux Falls Argus Leader, as well as to your local paper. 

 Rapid City Journal,

Box 450, Rapid City, SD 57709.

Fax: (605) 394-8463.

E-mail to: [email protected]

Letters are limited to 200 words and must include full name, address and phone number. Phone: 394-8427. The deadline for election letters is Oct. 19.

 Argus Leader

Letters to the Editor
P.O. Box 5034
Sioux Falls, SD 57117-5034

Fax: (605) 331-2294
Email:  [email protected]

http://www.argusleader.com/help/letter.shtml

Letters are limited to 200 words and must include full name, address and phone number.

Facts about Amendment A

**Amendment A will permanently destroy the right of the people to elect any circuit court judge.

 **If Amendment A is adopted, almost all state judge candidates will be selected by an unelected �judicial qualifications� commission and then appointed by the governor.

**The bureaucratic judicial commission is primarily controlled by the State Bar Association.  Five of the seven commission members must be members of the Bar Association, and three of those five must be appointed by the Bar president.  The State Bar Association is largely unaccountable to the people of South Dakota.

**The only safeguard Amendment A offers against internal corruption is the weak retention election.  Three years after appointment, each judge would be subject to an election in which he faces no opponent. 

**Retention elections are notorious for retaining the current judge.  In retention election states, almost 99 percent of the judges are retained.  In the unusual case that a judge is voted out of office, the replacement is chosen by the same bureaucratic commission.

**Currently in South Dakota, circuit court judge candidates run in an open public election every eight years.  Only when an office is vacated in midterm are candidates exclusively chosen by the bureaucratic judicial commission.

**Proponents claim that Amendment A will keep politics out of the judge selection process.  But in states like Missouri, the first state to adopt the backroom selection system, the politics and power of judicial selection have simply moved from the people to the lawyers.

**Politics will always play at least some part in judicial election.  The real question is whether they will be the open politics of public election, or the closed-doors, backroom politics of the bench and the bar.

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CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT A:

THE ELIMINATION OF A CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT

By Lance Russell, Fall River County State�s Attorney and

John Fitzgerald, Lawrence County State�s Attorney 

            Constitutional Amendment A will permanently take away the right of the people of South Dakota to elect Circuit Court Judges.  This is a right we have enjoyed since statehood.

             States have different methods of selecting judges.  Some have partisan elections, some have nonpartisan elections and some have nominating commissions with the governors making the final decision followed by retention elections.

             Why should South Dakotans care?  Well, there is a movement to amend the state constitution, eliminating contested nonpartisan judicial elections and allowing the governor to appoint circuit court judges from a list of two or more individuals selected by a commission consisting predominantly of lawyers.  Three years after the appointment, there will be a �retention� election, where the ballot will ask the voter, yes or no, if they want to retain the judge.   

            What�s the problem with that?  The amendment changes the intent of the framers of our state constitution and will make our judges unaccountable. 

South Dakota was founded on the principles of populism and accountability.  South Dakota was the first state to allow the people the power of initiative and referendum, and our constitution gave the people the right to elect our judges.  In fact, every state entering the Union between 1846 and 1912 provided for judicial elections.  This was a reaction to the feeling that the appointed judiciary had become �a bastion of unresponsive aristocracy� and that elected judges would be more independent and less apt to be influenced by the politics and cronyism of governors.   

             How will the amendment make our judges unaccountable?  Simply put:  the people of our state will have little say in who are their judges.  It will eliminate the check on the judiciary that the framers of our constitution put in place to keep elitists from having unfettered discretion to dictate their will on the people.  Proponents of the constitutional amendment will counter that the retention election will be an adequate check on the discretion of the judiciary; however, retention elections have proved to be nothing more than sham elections in other states.  Retention elections are just that�they retain incumbents.  In retention election states, almost 99 percent of the judges are retained.  We all know in countries where there are only one political party, they have essentially retention elections.  Those elections also allowed for only one choice, and just like retention elections, are noted for low voter interest, knowledge and turnout. 

            The bottom line is the proponents of Amendment A are attempting to take away a constitutional right�the right of the people to meaningfully participate in judicial selection. 

            Who are the proponents of retention elections?  Lawyers.  They have already raised in excess of $20,000 to secure its passage.  Why lawyers?  Because the lawyers will be selecting the pool of candidates from which judges will be appointed.  The proponents will say whom better than the lawyers to evaluate the abilities of judicial candidates?  We say the people.

We believe the people have the intelligence to evaluate the qualifications of judicial candidates, and more importantly, they don�t have an financial interest in who is chosen. 

The proponents will also say that the retention system will take the politics out of the judicial selections.  However, in Missouri, the first state to adopt the retention system, it has been asserted that the personal injury lawyers have succeeded in gaining control of the politics of the state, including the politics of the judicial nominating commission, and because of that Missouri is one of the favorite plaintiff�s venue in America.  If the retention system is adopted in South Dakota, the politics and power of judicial selection will simply go from the people to the lawyers, most likely the trial lawyers.  And, we all know the acrimonious role politics plays in the selection of Federal judges.  Politics will always be part of the process, the question is: who do you want making the decisions?  Politicians, lawyers or you?  We believe that the farther the people are removed from the decision making, the farther the courts spiral out of control and make poor decisions.

Judges have awesome power and authority.  If a judge decides to legislate law instead of interpret law the only way to hold them accountable is an election.  If Amendment A passes there will be no way for the people whom judges serve to hold their judges accountable. A whole branch of the government will be un-elected; no checks and balances will exist in this branch. The only beneficiaries of the amendment will be un-elected judges. 

The election process in South Dakota has produced fine judges who are both wise and courageous in their decisions.   We are public servants and we believe it is in South Dakota�s best interests to continue to elect and hold judges accountable the way the drafters of our constitution envisioned.